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Habitual Yogurt Consumption and Health-Related Quality of Life: A Prospective Cohort Study
Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is a global indicator of perceived health status, which includes physical and mental domains. Several biological mechanisms might support an association between consumption of yogurt and better HRQL.Delivery of Enteral Nutrition after the Introduction of Practice Guidelines and Participation of Dietitians in Pediatric Critical Care Clinical Teams
Provision of optimal nutrition is often difficult to achieve in the critically ill child, but can improve with better nutritional support practices. This study evaluated the joint impact of the introduction of enteral feeding practice guidelines and participation of dietitians in daily ward rounds on enteral nutrition (EN) intake and practices in children in intensive care. Nutritional intake and EN practices were audited before (period A) and after (period B) the introduction of enteral feeding practice guidelines and participation of dietitians in daily ward rounds in a pediatric intensive care unit.The Effects of Dietary Counseling on Children with Food Allergy: A Prospective, Multicenter Intervention Study
Although dietary counseling is generally recommended in children with food allergy (FA), its effect on the nutritional status of these patients has not yet been evaluated. Our nonrandomized multicenter prospective intervention study was undertaken to investigate the effects of dietary counseling on children with FA. Anthropometric data, dietary intakes, and laboratory biomarkers of nutritional status were evaluated in children with FA (aged 6 to 36 months) before and after dietary counseling, by multidisciplinary teams composed of pediatricians, dietitians, and nurses.Severely Restricted Diets in the Absence of Medical Necessity: The Unintended Consequences
Despite the best efforts of health-focused associations and government agencies to deliver complete nutrition information to the public, the message does not always get interpreted as intended. Discussions of how much energy, fat, or other nutrients should be in the diet can often get translated into an overly simplistic and counterproductive demarcation of which foods and nutrients are “good” and which are “bad.”1 Although consumers' use of food labels is the frequent go-to suggestion as the basis for making healthful food choices, it is not necessarily a concept put into consistent practice, because “the density and design of nutritional information on food and beverage packaging plays a vital role in whether consumers pay attention.”2Nutrition Therapy during Initiation of Refeeding in Underweight Children and Adolescent Inpatients with Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review of the Evidence
Restoration of weight and nutritional rehabilitation are recognized as fundamental steps in the therapeutic treatment of children and adolescent inpatients with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, current recommendations on initial energy requirements for this population are inconsistent, with a clear lack of empirical evidence. Thus, the aim of our study was to systematically review, assess, and summarize the available evidence on the effect of differing nutrition therapies prescribed during refeeding on weight restoration in hospitalized children and adolescents (aged 19 years and younger) with diagnosed AN.Child and Parent Perceived Food-Induced Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Quality of Life in Children with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
It is unknown whether children with functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders identify specific foods that exacerbate their GI symptoms. The objectives of this study were to determine the perceived role of food on GI symptoms and to determine the impact of food-induced symptoms on quality of life (QOL) in children with functional GI disorders. Between August and November 2010, 25 children ages 11 to 17 years old with functional GI disorders and a parent completed a food symptom association questionnaire and validated questionnaires assessing FGID symptoms and QOL.The Subjective Global Assessment Predicts In-Hospital Mortality Better than Other Nutrition-Related Risk Indexes in Noncritically Ill Inpatients Who Receive Total Parenteral Nutrition in Spain (Prospective Multicenter Study)
Malnutrition in hospitalized patients is associated with an increased risk of death and complications. The purpose of this study was to determine which nutrition-related risk index predicts mortality better in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. This prospective, multicenter study involved noncritically ill patients who were prescribed total parenteral nutrition. Data were collected on Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Nutritional Risk Index, Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index, body mass index, albumin and prealbumin, as well as in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and infectious complications.The Inside Tract: What RDs Need to Know about the Gut Microbiome
The age-old advice of “follow your gut” when making important life-changing decisions also applies to consumers seeking new ways to boost immunity and overall health. By understanding how diet affects the health of the cells lining the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the microbes residing in the gut microflora, registered dietitians (RDs) may play a role in preventing disease by counseling clients on the importance of maintaining a healthy gut.An Overview of Short Bowel Syndrome Management: Adherence, Adaptation, and Practical Recommendations
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) refers to the clinical consequences resulting from loss of small bowel absorptive surface area due to surgical resection or bypass. The syndrome is characterized by maldigestion, malabsorption, and malnutrition. Survival of patients with SBS is dependent on adaptation in the remaining bowel and a combination of pharmacologic and nutrition therapies. Individual plans of care are developed based on the length and sites of remaining bowel, the degree of intestinal adaptation, and the patient's ability to adhere to the medication and dietary regimens.Registered Dietitians Making a Difference: Early Medical Record Documentation of Estimated Energy Requirement in Critically Ill Children Is Associated with Higher Daily Energy Intake and with Use of the Enteral Route
Establishing a caloric requirement or energy target is a recommended part of any nutrition care plan.Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Ethical and Legal Issues in Feeding and Hydration
It is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics that individuals have the right to request or refuse nutrition and hydration as medical treatment. Registered dietitians (RDs) should work collaboratively as part of the interprofessional team to make recommendations on providing, withdrawing, or withholding nutrition and hydration in individual cases and serve as active members of institutional ethics committees. RDs have an active role in determining the nutrition and hydration requirements for individuals throughout the life span.Nutritional Implications of Bariatric Surgery and the Role of Registered Dietitians
AS THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS WITH obesity continues to increase, so has the prevalence of bariatric surgery in the United States and worldwide. Bariatric surgery is currently the only known method that offers both considerable and long-term weight loss.1 Depending on the surgical procedure, patients can expect to lose between 29% and 87% of excess body weight 1 to 2 years postsurgery.2 Despite the substantial weight loss and improvements in comorbid conditions observed after bariatric surgery, these procedures are not without nutritional risk, which underscores the importance of registered dietitians (RDs) to the bariatric surgical care team.Risk Factors for Predicting Hypoglycemia in Patients Receiving Concomitant Parenteral Nutrition and Insulin Therapy
The occurrence of hypoglycemia in patients receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) is low, yet its consequences can be detrimental. Treatment of hyperglycemia with insulin to achieve optimal blood glucose control is challenging and potentially associated with increased risk of the development of hypoglycemia. The objective of this study was to determine the association of patient characteristics on the risk of hypoglycemia among patients receiving concomitant PN and insulin therapy. This retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2011, and included 1,657 patients who received PN.Nutrition Support in Critically Ill Children: Underdelivery of Energy and Protein Compared with Current Recommendations
Critically ill children are at high risk for developing nutritional deficiencies, and hospital undernutrition is known to be a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in children. This study's aims were to examine current nutrition practices and the adequacy of nutrition support in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). This retrospective chart review included 240 PICU patients admitted to PICU for longer than 48 hours and documented all intravenous (IV), parenteral, and enteral energy and protein for the first 8 days.Gluten-Free Diet: Imprudent Dietary Advice for the General Population?
GLUTEN-FREE DIETING HAS GAINED CONSIDERABLE popularity in the general population.1-3 Between 2004 and 2011 the market for gluten-free products grew at a compound annual growth rate of 28%, with annual sales expected to reach approximately $2.6 billion in 2012.2 As of April 20, 2012, Amazon.com listed 4,765 entries for the topic “gluten-free.” A Google search at the same time for “gluten-free diet” produced more than 4.2 million results. The number-one reason consumers cite for buying gluten-free products is that they are perceived to be healthier than their gluten-containing counterparts.Suboptimal Intake of Nutrients after Esophagectomy with Gastric Tube Reconstruction
Esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction results in a variety of postoperative nutrition-related complaints that can impair nutritional intake and nutritional status. The aim of this study was to determine to what extent patients reached the recommended intake of various nutrients at 6 and 12 months after esophagectomy. It was also analyzed whether a suboptimal intake could be explained by the most clinically significant nutrition-related complaints after esophagectomy. In a prospective cohort study (2002 to 2006), the nutrient intake of 96 patients, recorded in preprinted nutritional diaries, was compared with the recommended energy intake in The Netherlands and Recommended Dietary Allowance of protein and micronutrients.Severity of Illness Influences the Efficacy of Enteral Feeding Route on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Critical Illness
Few trials have studied the influence of illness severity on clinical outcomes of different tube-feeding routes. Whether gastric or postpyloric feeding route is more beneficial to patients receiving enteral nutrition remains controversial.Comprehensive Nutrition and Lifestyle Education Improves Weight Loss and Physical Activity in Hispanic Americans Following Gastric Bypass Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
As morbid obesity increasingly affects Hispanic Americans, the incidence of bariatric procedures among this population is rising. Despite this, prospective research on the effects of comprehensive postoperative education-centered interventions on weight loss and physical activity focused on Hispanic Americans is lacking.
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