The relationship between European food and fat consumption trends and coronary heart disease, cancer, stroke, and all-cause mortality has increasingly gained public health attention.1-3 This increase in attention began with early ecological evidence suggesting a positive association between a Mediterranean-type dietary pattern and health compared to dietary patterns with low intake of olive oil.1-3 The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) pattern is not a single dietary pattern, but rather a variation of rural Mediterranean Basin dietary patterns that traditionally share some commonalities.