Abstract
Background
Food service provision in nursing homes is a complex, adaptive system through which
multiple stakeholders interface. Organizational stakeholders include staff involved
in preparing and delivering meals. Consumer stakeholders are the end users including
residents and family. Questionnaires can be an economical and efficient method of
measuring food service satisfaction in nursing homes and a powerful quality improvement
tool.
Objective
(1) To identify questionnaires that measure food service satisfaction of various stakeholders
in a nursing homes and (2) to critically appraise the psychometric properties of identified
questionnaires.
Methods
Five electronic databases were searched (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health
Literature, Medline, ProQuest, Scopus, and Cochrane) in April 2020. Data from the
eligible studies were extracted, and the psychometric properties were critically appraised
using the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments.
Results
This review identified 129 studies that used a questionnaire to measure food service
satisfaction in nursing homes. Of those, 107 studies representing 75 unique general
nursing home satisfaction questionnaires were excluded for failing to adequately explore
aspects related to food service. From the remaining 22 studies, 7 food service satisfaction
questionnaires were identified; 5 intended for consumers (residents) and 2 intended
for organizational stakeholders (staff). Using the Consensus-Based Standards for the
Selection of Health Measurement Instruments quality criteria, most questionnaires
had flaws in content validity and construct validity, primarily due to small sample
sizes. No questionnaires explored food service satisfaction from the family perspective.
Conclusions
Nursing homes collect satisfaction information for accreditation, marketing, benchmarking,
and quality improvement. Although questionnaires are easy to administer, the quality
of the data they collect is impacted by the validity and reliability of the questionnaires
used. Using unreliable satisfaction data may mean that nursing homes are not accurately
able to understand the impact of changes in the system on stakeholder satisfaction.
Keywords
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Biography
M. Pankhurst is a PhD candidate, nutrition and dietetics, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia.
Biography
A. Yaxley is a lecturer in nutrition and dietetics, food service placement coordinator, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia.
Biography
M. Miller is dean (people and resources), College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia.
Article Info
Publication History
Published online: July 01, 2021
Accepted:
May 12,
2021
Received:
September 7,
2020
Footnotes
Supplementary materials: Figure 1 is available at www.jandonline.org
STATEMENT OF POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
FUNDING/SUPPORT There is no funding to disclose.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS M. Pankhurst and A. Yaxley performed the literature review and quality appraisal. M. Pankhurst wrote the first draft with contributions from A. Yaxley and M. Miller. All authors reviewed and commented on subsequent drafts.
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
