Abstract
Older adults living in the community or long-term residence such as a nursing home
are at increased risk for malnutrition due to factors such as depression and isolation.
The purpose of this scoping review is to identify the best available research that
evaluates the validity and reliability of nutrition assessment tools, and the effectiveness
of nutrition interventions to prevent or treat malnutrition among older adults. A
literature search was conducted in Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central databases
to identify clinical trials, published in the English language, evaluating assessment
and intervention methods aimed to treat or prevent malnutrition among older adults
living in the community or their long-term residence such as nursing homes. Articles
were screened by 2 reviewers, then data were extracted and narratively synthesized.
The literature search retrieved 20,937 articles and 197 articles were included in
narrative synthesis. A total of 73 assessment articles were identified, 36 of which
were validity and reliability trials. A total of 122 intervention articles were identified,
the majority of which were randomized controlled trials. A few of the most commonly
evaluated interventions were oral nutrition supplements, medical nutrition therapy,
fortification and enrichment, and nutrition education. Several systematic reviews
were identified, however, that did not meet the criteria of this review. There is
a need to conduct systematic reviews for nutrition assessment and intervention trials
to guide development of evidence-based nutrition practice recommendations for older
adults living in the community or their long-term residence.
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Biography
L. Moloney is a nutrition researcher, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Evidence Analysis Center, Chicago, IL.
Biography
B. Jarrett is a postdoctoral fellow, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 21, 2020
Footnotes
Supplementary materials: Figure 1 is available at www.jandonline.org
STATEMENT OF POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
FUNDING/SUPPORT This work was supported by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics; Dietetics in Health Care Communities DPG; Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Foundation.
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© 2021 by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
