Abstract
Background
Low-income Hispanic women are at-risk of poor prenatal diet quality. Correlates associated
with prenatal diet quality in this group of women are understudied.
Objective
The objective of this study was to examine the associations between financial, cultural,
psychosocial, and lifestyle correlates and prenatal diet quality in low-income Hispanic
women.
Design
This cross-sectional analysis used data from pregnant women enrolled in the Starting
Early Trial, a randomized-controlled trial of a primary-care based child obesity prevention
program beginning in pregnancy. The trial enrolled women from clinics affiliated with
a large urban medical center in New York City from 2012 to 2014. Financial, cultural,
psychosocial, and lifestyle variables were collected using a comprehensive baseline
questionnaire. Usual dietary intakes over the past year were assessed using the Block
Food Frequency Questionnaire 2005 bilingual version.
Participants
The study enrolled low-income Hispanic women between 28 and 32 gestational weeks (N=519).
Main outcome measures
Prenatal diet quality was measured by the Healthy Eating Index 2015.
Statistical analyses performed
Unadjusted and adjusted multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to
determine independent associations between financial, cultural, psychosocial, and
lifestyle correlates and Healthy Eating Index 2015 total score.
Results
Overall prenatal diet quality was poor (mean Healthy Eating Index 2015 total score=69.0±9.4).
Most women did not meet the maximum score for total vegetables (65.3%), whole grains
(97.1%), dairy (74.8%), fatty acids (84.4%), refined grains (79.8%), sodium (97.5%),
saturated fats (92.9%), and added sugars (66.5%). Women who reported screen time ≤2
hours/day, physical activity before and/or during pregnancy, and being born outside
the United States had higher mean Healthy Eating Index 2015 total score than women
with screen time >2 hours/day, no physical activity, and those born in the United
States.
Conclusions
Prenatal diet quality of low-income pregnant Hispanic women was suboptimal. This cross-sectional
study revealed associations between cultural and lifestyle factors and prenatal diet
quality in low-income Hispanic women. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine
long-term influences and specific behaviors to target for effective intervention studies.
Keywords
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Biography
L. Thomas Berube is a doctoral degree candidate, Steinhardt Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, New York University, New York City.
Biography
K. Woolf is an associate professor, Steinhardt Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, New York University, New York City.
Biography
M. J. Messito is a clinical associate professor, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, New York University, New York City.
Biography
R. Gross is an assistant professor, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, New York University, New York City.
Biography
A. Deierlein is an assistant professor, Department of Public Health Nutrition, College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York City.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 05, 2019
Accepted:
February 7,
2019
Received:
August 20,
2018
Footnotes
STATEMENT OF POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
FUNDING/SUPPORT Supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture (award number 2011-68001-30207). Funding was also provided by the National Institutes of Health/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development through a K23 Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award to R. Gross (award number K23HD081077).
This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01541761.
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
