Abstract
Background
Suboptimal diet quality, prevalent among postpartum women, is troubling for mothers
and their children because positive relationships between maternal and child diet
quality exist.
Objective
The primary objective was to determine whether postnatal diet quality scores of participants
in the two treatment arms differed or changed over time.
Design
Delta Healthy Sprouts was a two-arm, randomized, controlled, comparative impact trial.
Participants and setting
Pregnant women at least 18 years of age, less than 19 weeks pregnant, and residing
in three Mississippi counties were recruited between March 2013 and December 2014.
Postnatal data was collected from 54 participants between September 2013 and May 2016.
The postnatal attrition rates were 17% and 13% for the control and experimental arms.
Intervention
The control arm received the Parents as Teachers curriculum, and the experimental
arm received a nutrition- and physical activity-enhanced Parents as Teachers curriculum.
Main outcome measures
Multiple-pass 24-hour dietary recalls were collected from participants at the postnatal
month 1, 4, 6, 8, and 12 visits. Healthy Eating Index-2010 was used to calculate diet
quality.
Statistical analysis performed
Linear mixed models were used to test for treatment, time, and treatment by time (interaction)
effects on postnatal dietary outcomes.
Results
Control arm mean (95% confidence limits) total Healthy Eating Index-2010 scores were
36.8 (range=32.5 to 41.1), 36.5 (range=31.9 to 41.1), 40.2 (range=35.7 to 44.8), 39.3
(range=34.7 to 43.9), and 36.4 (range=31.8 to 41.0) at postnatal months 1, 4, 6, 8,
and 12, respectively. Corresponding experimental arm scores were 42.3 (range=37.5
to 47.0), 41.6 (range=36.3 to 46.9), 40.2 (range=34.8 to 45.7), 45.8 (range=40.5 to
51.1), and 37.6 (range=32.6 to 42.7), respectively. Experimental scores were significantly
higher than control scores across time. No other effects were significant.
Conclusions
Neither the standard Parents as Teachers curriculum nor the enhanced Parents as Teachers
curriculum was effective at improving the poor diet quality of this cohort of rural,
Southern, African-American women during the 12 months following the birth of their
infant.
Keywords
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Biography
J. L. Thomson is a research epidemiologist, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Delta Human Nutrition Research Program, Stoneville, Mississippi.
Biography
M. H. Goodman is an epidemiologist, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Delta Human Nutrition Research Program, Stoneville, Mississippi.
Biography
L. M. Tussing-Humphreys is an assistant professor of medicine, Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Biography
A. S. Landry is an assistant professor of nutrition, Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Central Arkansas, Conway.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 01, 2018
Accepted:
November 20,
2017
Received:
April 19,
2017
Footnotes
STATEMENT OF POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
FUNDING/SUPPORT This work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Project 6401-5300-003-00D) and in-kind support from the Delta Health Alliance. The views expressed are solely those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States government.
The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01746394).
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
