Abstract
Background
Parents’ diets are believed to influence their children’s diets. Previous studies
have not adequately and simultaneously assessed the relationship between parent and
child total diet quality and energy intakes.
Objective
Our aim was to investigate whether parent and child diet quality and energy intakes
are related.
Design
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using baseline dietary intake data from the
Neighborhood Impact on Kids study collected in 2007 to 2009.
Participants/setting
Participants were parents and 6- to 12-year-old children from households in King County
(Seattle area), WA, and San Diego County, CA, targeted by Neighborhood Impact on Kids
were recruited. Eligible parent−child dyads (n=698) with two or three 24-hour dietary
recalls were included in this secondary analysis.
Main outcome measures
Child diet quality (Healthy Eating Index-2010, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
score, and energy density [for food only]) and energy intake were derived from the
dietary recalls using Nutrition Data Systems for Research.
Statistical analyses performed
Multiple linear regression models examined the relationship between parent diet quality
and child diet quality, and the relationship between parent energy intake and child
energy intake. In both analyses, we controlled for parent characteristics, child characteristics,
household education, and neighborhood type.
Results
Parent diet quality measures were significantly related to corresponding child diet
quality measures: Healthy Eating Index-2010 (standardized β=.39; P<0.001); Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score (β=.33; P<0.001); and energy density (β=.32; P<0.001). Parent daily mean energy intake (1,763±524 kcal) was also significantly related
(β=.30; P<0.001) to child daily mean energy intake (1,751±431 kcal).
Conclusions
Parent and child intakes were closely related across various metrics of diet quality
and for energy intake. Mechanisms of influence are likely to be shared food environments,
shared meals, and parent modeling.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and DieteticsAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
US Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans. http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/. Published in 2010. Accessed January 4, 2016.
National Cancer Institute. Usual dietary intakes: Food intakes, US population, 2007-10. http://appliedresearch.cancer.gov/diet/usualintakes/pop/2007-10/. Accessed January 4, 2016.
- Where are kids getting their empty calories? Stores, schools, and fast-food restaurants each played an important role in empty calorie intake among US children during 2009-2010.J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014; 114: 908-917
- What is the role of portion control in weight management?.Int J Obes (Lond). 2014; 38: S1-S8
- Dietary energy density and body weight in adults and children: A systematic review.J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112: 671-684
- Consistent dietary patterns identified from childhood to adulthood: The cardiovascular risk in Young Finns Study.Br J Nutr. 2005; 93: 923-931
- Social Learning Theory.Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ1977
- Home food environment in relation to children's diet quality and weight status.J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014; 114: 1569-1579.e1
- Family environmental factors influencing the developing behavioral controls of food intake and childhood overweight.Pediatr Clin North Am. 2001; 48: 893-907
- Nutritional gatekeepers and the 72% solution.J Am Diet Assoc. 2006; 106: 1324-1327
- Parental perceptions and childhood dietary quality.Matern Child Health J. 2014; 18: 978-995
- Does parenting affect children's eating and weight status?.Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2008; 5: 15
- Do children and their parents eat a similar diet? Resemblance in child and parental dietary intake: Systematic review and meta-analysis.J Epidemiol Community Health. 2011; 65: 177-189
- Indicators for the evaluation of diet quality.Nutr Hosp. 2015; 31: 128-144
- A systematic review of the validity of dietary assessment methods in children when compared with the method of doubly labeled water.J Am Diet Assoc. 2010; 110: 1501-1510
- The Healthy Eating Index-2010 is a valid and reliable measure of diet quality according to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.J Nutr. 2014; 144: 399-407
- Update of the Healthy Eating Index: HEI-2010.J Am Diet Assoc. 2013; 113: 569-580
- Association between Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension and hypertension in youth with diabetes mellitus.Hypertension. 2009; 53: 6-12
- The Ultimate Volumetric Diet.HarperCollins Publishers, New York, NY2012
- Obesogenic neighborhood environments, child and parent obesity: The Neighborhood Impact on Kids study.Am J Prev Med. 2012; 42: e57-e64
- Objective assessment of obesogenic environments in youth: Geographic information system methods and spatial findings from the Neighborhood Impact on Kids study.Am J Prev Med. 2012; 42: e47-e55
- 2000 CDC growth charts for the United States: methods and development.Vital Health Stat. 11. 2002; : 1-190
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. About adult BMI. http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/index.html. Accessed January 4, 2016.
- Sources of data for developing an maintaining a nutrient database.J Am Diet Assoc. 1988; 88: 1268-1271
- Procedures for estimating nutrient values for food composition databases.J Food Comp Anal. 1997; 10: 102-114
University of Minnesota Nutrition Coordinating Center. Guide to Creating Variables Needed to Calculate Scores for Each Component of the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010). http://www.ncc.umn.edu/ndsrsupport/faqshei.html. Accessed January 4, 2016.
- A clinical trial of the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure. DASH collaborative research group.N Engl J Med. 1997; 336: 1117-1124
US Department of Health and Human Service, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Your Guide to Lowering Blood Pressure. NIH Publication No. 03-5232. Bethesda, MD: NHLBI Health Information Center; May 2003.
- The effects of an energy density prescription on diety quality and weight loss: A pilot randomized controlled trial.J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112: 1397-1402
- Dietary energy density determined by eight calculation methods in a nationally representative United States population.J Nutr. 2005; 135: 273-278
- Dietary energy density and successful weight loss maintenance.Eat Behav. 2011; 12: 119-125
- Parent-child dietary intake resemblance in the United States: Evidence from a large representative survey.Soc Sci Med. 2009; 68: 2137-2144
- Influences on the development of children's eating behaviours: From infancy to adolescence.Can J Diet Pract Res. 2007; 68: s1-s56
- Diet quality of overweight and obese mothers and their preschool children.J Acad Nutr Diet. 2013; 113: 1476-1483
- Investigating the relationship of body mass index, diet quality, and physical activity level between fathers and their preschool-aged children.J Acad Nutr Diet. 2015; 115: 919-926
- A comparison and validation of child versus parent reporting of children's energy intake using food frequency questionnaires versus food records: who's an accurate reporter?.Clin Nutr. 2013; 32: 613-618
- Evaluation of dietary assessment instruments against doubly labeled water, a biomarker of habitual energy intake.Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2001; 281: E891-E899
- Measurement of dietary intake in children.Proc Nutr Soc. 2000; 29: 138-143
Biography
S. M. Robson is an assistant professor, Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark; when the study was initiated, she was a post-doctoral fellow, Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
Biography
S. C. Couch is a professor, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.
Biography
J. L. Peugh is an associate professor, Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
Biography
K. Glanz is the George A. Weiss Professor, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine and School of Nursing, Philadelphia.
Biography
C. Zhou is a professor, Seattle Children’s Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle.
Biography
B. E. Saelens is a professor, Seattle Children’s Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle.
Biography
J. F. Sallis is a professor, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 01, 2016
Accepted:
February 8,
2016
Received:
October 6,
2015
Footnotes
STATEMENT OF POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
FUNDING/SUPPORT Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences under award number R01 ES014240 and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases under award number T32DK063929. This project was also supported by the National Research Initiative of the US Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2007-55215-17924). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health or US Department of Agriculture.
Identification
Copyright
© 2016 by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
