Abstract
A healthy diet has been shown to prevent diabetes complications. However, the eating
habits of individuals with diabetes who are aware of their glycemic condition have
been poorly studied. This study's objective was to assess the dietary behavior overall
and according to dietary recommendations in adults diagnosed with diabetes compared
with those of a general population of the same age (45 to 74 years) in a nationally
representative survey carried out in France in 2006-2007 (Etude Nationale Nutrition
Santé) (n=1,476 including 101 patients with diabetes). Trained dietitians assessed
diet using three 24-hour recalls and diabetes was self-declared. After weighting and
using multiple adjustments, mean food and nutrient intakes were compared according
to diabetes status. Interactions with age and sex were sought. Adults with diabetes
had lower intakes of sweetened foods (40 g/day vs 125 g/day), alcohol (1.45 g/day
vs 1.64 g/day), energy (1,790 kcal/day vs 1,986 kcal/day), and simple sugar (63.1
g/day vs 89.8 g/day) and higher intakes of meat (126 g/day vs 109 g/day), complex
carbohydrates (26.3% energy intake vs 23.6% energy intake), and vitamins B and E (628
μg/day vs 541 μg/day). In addition, 45- to 59-year-old individuals with diabetes ate
more fruits and vegetables, fiber, beta carotene, folate, vitamin C, and potassium
than adults of the same age who did not have diabetes. Overall, 45- to 74-year-old
adults with diabetes had a higher-quality diet than individuals without diabetes.
However, compared with recommendations, a healthy diet continues to represent a public
health challenge in terms of preventing diabetes complications.
Keywords
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Biography
K. Castetbon is an epidemiologist and head, Nutrition Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, French Institute for Health Surveillance and Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France.
Biography
V. Deschamps is an epidemiologist, Nutrition Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, French Institute for Health Surveillance and Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France.
Biography
M. Vernay is an epidemiologist, Nutrition Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, French Institute for Health Surveillance and Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France.
Biography
A. Malon is an epidemiologist, Nutrition Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, French Institute for Health Surveillance and Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France.
Biography
B. Salanave is an epidemiologist, Nutrition Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, French Institute for Health Surveillance and Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France.
Biography
C. Bonaldi is a statistician, Department of Chronic Diseases and Injury, French Institute for Health Surveillance, Saint Maurice, France.
Biography
C. Druet is an epidemiologist and head of the Diabetes Surveillance Programme, Department of Chronic Diseases and Injury, French Institute for Health Surveillance, Saint Maurice, France.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 30, 2013
Accepted:
July 31,
2013
Footnotes
STATEMENT OF POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
FUNDING/SUPPORT ENNS was supported by the French Institute for Health Surveillance (Institut de Veille Sanitaire), the Université de Paris 13 and the Caisse nationale d'Assurance maladie des Travailleurs salariés (CnamTS).
Identification
Copyright
© 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
