Abstract
Background
Consumption of soybean oil enriched with stearidonic acid was previously shown to
increase eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in red blood cells (RBC).
Objective
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of stearidonic acid oil used as a food
ingredient in baked products and beverages on the RBC fatty acid profile.
Design
This was a randomized, double-blind, controlled, parallel-arm study.
Participants
Healthy men and women 21 to 65 years of age were included.
Intervention
Participants consumed either negative control (1.5 g/day high-oleic sunflower ethyl
ester oil softgel capsules+foods containing 7 g/day high-oleic sunflower oil), positive
control (1.5 g/day EPA oil ethyl ester softgel capsules+foods containing 7 g/day high-oleic
sunflower oil), or active (1.5 g/day high-oleic sunflower ethyl ester oil softgel
capsules+foods containing 7 g/day stearidonic acid soybean oil) for 12 weeks.
Main outcome measures
RBC membrane fatty acid profile (at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12); fasting serum
lipids (weeks −2, 0, 6, 10, and 12); and fasting plasma glucose and insulin (weeks −2,
0, 10, and 12) were assessed.
Statistical analyses performed
A repeated measures analysis of covariance was used for continuous variables, and
pair-wise comparisons between treatments were adjusted using a step-down Bonferroni
method. Fisher’s exact or χ2 tests were used for categorical data.
Results
RBC %EPA throughout the 12-week study were significantly different between all groups.
Means at 12 weeks were 0.50%±0.03%, 2.17%±0.21%, and 0.85%±0.05% for control, EPA,
and stearidonic acid, respectively. Other efficacy outcome measures were not significantly
different among treatment groups.
Conclusions
Consumption of stearidonic acid-enriched soybean oil incorporated into common foods
increased RBC %EPA in healthy men and women. Stearidonic acid soybean oil, a sustainable
and accessible source of long-chain n-3, can effectively be used to increase EPA in
RBC.
Keywords
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Biography
S. Lemke is lead, Toxicology, Monsanto Company, St Louis, MO.
Biography
M. L. Taylor is a senior research associate, Monsanto Company, St Louis, MO.
Biography
D. A. Goldstein is an associate medical director, Monsanto Company, St Louis, MO.
Biography
K. C. Maki is chief science officer, Biofortis Clinical Research, Addison, IL.
Biography
T. M. Rains is director of medical writing and principal scientist, Biofortis Clinical Research, Addison, IL.
Biography
G. Hughes is a research scientist, Global Nutrition, Solae, LLC, St Louis, MO.
Biography
E. S. Krul is a science fellow and lead, Nutrition Discovery, Global Nutrition, Solae, LLC, St Louis, MO.
Biography
R. Mukherjea is a senior group leader, Global Nutrition, Solae, LLC, St Louis, MO.
Biography
H. Su is a senior statistician, PPD, Morrisville, NC; at the time of the study, she was a senior statistician, Monsanto, Company, St Louis, MO.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 23, 2013
Accepted:
April 15,
2013
Footnotes
STATEMENT OF POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST As employees of Biofortis Clinical Research, K. C. Maki and T. M. Rains have received research grants from Abbott Laboratories; Amarin Pharmaceuticals; GlaxoSmithKline; Merck & Co, Inc; Monsanto; Omthera; Solae; and Trygg Pharmaceuticals. K. C. Maki has received consulting fees from Abbott Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline, Omthera, Pharmavite, and Trygg Pharmaceuticals. No potential conflict of interests was reported by the remaining authors. The remaining authors are employees of Monsanto Company and Solae, LLC.
FUNDING/SUPPORT This trial was funded by Monsanto Company and Solae, LLC.
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
