Abstract
Background
Soy and some of its constituents, such as isoflavones, have been shown to affect the
inflammatory process in animal studies. The association between soy food intake and
inflammatory markers has not been evaluated adequately in humans.
Objective
Our aim was to evaluate whether higher intake of soy foods was inversely associated
with inflammatory markers in 1,005 middle-aged Chinese women.
Design
In this cross-sectional study, dietary intake of soy foods was assessed by a validated
food frequency questionnaire and by a 24-hour recall when biospecimens were procured.
A general linear model was used to estimate the geometric means of selected inflammatory
markers, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), soluble
IL-6 receptor, soluble GP130, soluble TNF receptors 1 and 2, and C-reactive protein,
across categories of soy food intake after adjusting for age, lifestyle and dietary
factors, and history of infectious or inflammation-related diseases.
Results
We found that multivariable-adjusted geometric mean concentrations of IL-6 and TNFα
were inversely associated with quintiles of soy food intake, with a difference between
the highest and lowest quintiles of 25.5% for IL-6 (P for trend=0.008) and 14% for TNFα (P for trend=0.04). Similar inverse associations were found for TNFα (P for trend=0.003), soluble TNF receptor 1 (P for trend=0.01), soluble TNF receptor 2 (P for trend=0.02), IL-1β (P for trend=0.05), and IL-6 (P for trend=0.04) when soy food consumption was assessed by the frequency of consumption
in the preceding 24 hours. No significant associations were found for other markers
studied.
Conclusions
This study suggests that soy food consumption is related to lower circulating levels
of IL-6, TNFα, and soluble TNF receptors 1 and 2 in Chinese women.
Keywords
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Biography
S. H. Wu is a research fellow, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
Biography
X. O. Shu is a professor, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
Biography
W. Zheng is a professor, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
Biography
X. Zhang is an assistant professor, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
Biography
Q. Cai is an assistant professor, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
Biography
H. Cai is an assistant professor, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
Biography
G. Yang is an associate professor, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
Biography
W.-H. Chow is an senior investigator, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD.
Biography
N. Rothman is an senior investigator, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD.
Biography
B.-T. Ji is a staff scientist, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD.
Biography
Y.-B. Xiang is a professor, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.
Biography
Y.-T. Gao is a professor, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.
Biography
H.-L. Li is an associate professor, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 21, 2012
Accepted:
March 30,
2012
Footnotes
STATEMENT OF POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
FUNDING/SUPPORT This study was supported by US Public Health Service grants R01CA122364 and R37CA070867 and, in part, by R01HL095931, the National Institutes of Health intramural program (N02 CP1101066), and the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (P30 CA68485).
Identification
Copyright
© 2012 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
