Abstract
Objective
Weight loss and consumption of viscous fibers both lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
cholesterol levels. We evaluated whether or not a whole-grain, ready-to-eat (RTE)
oat cereal containing viscous fiber, as part of a dietary program for weight loss,
lowers LDL cholesterol levels and improves other cardiovascular disease risk markers
more than a dietary program alone.
Design
Randomized, parallel-arm, controlled trial.
Subjects/setting
Free-living, overweight and obese adults (N=204, body mass index 25 to 45) with baseline
LDL cholesterol levels 130 to 200 mg/dL (3.4 to 5.2 mmol/L) were randomized; 144 were
included in the main analysis of participants who completed the trial without significant
protocol violations.
Intervention
Two portions per day of whole-grain RTE oat cereal (3 g/day oat b-glucan) or energy-matched
low-fiber foods (control), as part of a reduced energy (∼500 kcal/day deficit) dietary
program that encouraged limiting consumption of foods high in energy and fat, portion
control, and regular physical activity.
Main outcome measures
Fasting lipoprotein levels, waist circumference, triceps skinfold thickness, and body
weight were measured at baseline and weeks 4, 8, 10, and 12.
Results
LDL cholesterol level was reduced significantly more with whole-grain RTE oat cereal
vs control (−8.7±1.0 vs −4.3±1.1%, P=0.005). Total cholesterol (−5.4±0.8 vs −2.9±0.9%, P=0.038) and non–high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (−6.3±1.0 vs −3.3±1.1%, P=0.046) were also lowered significantly more with whole-grain RTE oat cereal, whereas
high-density lipoprotein and triglyceride responses did not differ between groups.
Weight loss was not different between groups (−2.2±0.3 vs −1.7±0.3 kg, P=0.325), but waist circumference decreased more (−3.3±0.4 vs −1.9±0.4 cm, P=0.012) with whole-grain RTE oat cereal. Larger reductions in LDL, total, and non–high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol levels and waist circumference were evident as early as week
4 in the whole-grain RTE oat cereal group.
Conclusions
Consumption of a whole-grain RTE oat cereal as part of a dietary program for weight
loss had favorable effects on fasting lipid levels and waist circumference.
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Biography
K. C. Maki is chief science officer, Provident Clinical Research, Glen Ellyn, IL, and Bloomington, IN.
Biography
M. S. Reeves is medical director, Provident Clinical Research, Glen Ellyn, IL, and Bloomington, IN.
Biography
V. N. Kaden is a project manager, Provident Clinical Research, Glen Ellyn, IL, and Bloomington, IN.
Biography
T. M. Rains is director of medical writing, Provident Clinical Research, Glen Ellyn, IL, and Bloomington, IN.
Biography
J. M. Beiseigel is a senior scientist, General Mills, Minneapolis, MN.
Biography
C. K. Gugger is a senior scientist, General Mills, Minneapolis, MN.
Biography
S. S. Jonnalagadda is a principal scientist, General Mills, Minneapolis, MN.
Biography
M. V. Farmer is a principal investigator, Meridien Research, St Petersburg, FL.
Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
July 31,
2009
Footnotes
Meets Learning Need Codes 2000, 4000, 5000, 5160, and 5370. To take the Continuing Professional Education quiz for this article, log in to ADA's Online Business Center at www.eatright.org/obc, click the “Journal Article Quiz” button, click “Additional Journal CPE Articles,” and select this article's title from a list of available quizzes.
Identification
Copyright
© 2010 American Dietetic Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
