Abstract
Although reducing eating rate is frequently advocated for control of food intake and
thus body weight, empirical evidence is extremely limited and inconsistent. We sought
to compare the impact of slow and quick eating rates on development of satiation in
healthy women. In a randomized design, 30 healthy women (22.9±7.1 years; body mass
index [calculated as kg/m2] 22.1±2.9) were studied on two test visits to compare slow and quick eating rates.
Satiation was examined as the main outcome, using the objective measure of energy
intake during ad libitum meals. At designated times, subjects also rated perceived
hunger, satiety, desire to eat, thirst and meal palatability on visual analogue scales.
Slow rates of ingestion led to significant decreases in energy intake (quick: 645.7±155.9
kcal; slow: 579.0±154.7 kcal; P<0.05) and significant increases in water consumption (quick: 289.9±155.1 g; slow:
409.6±205.8 g; P<0.05). Despite higher energy intake upon meal completion under the quick condition,
satiety was significantly lower than the slow condition (P<0.05). Accordingly, the quick condition showed a lower Satiating Efficiency Index
(quick: 0.1; slow: 0.2; P<0.05). After meal completion, pleasantness ratings tended to be higher under the
slow condition (P=0.04; but not significant after Bonferroni adjustment). Ad libitum energy intake
was lower when the meal was eaten slowly, and satiety was higher at meal completion.
Although more study is needed, these data suggest that eating slowly may help to maximize
satiation and reduce energy intake within meals.
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Biography
A. M. Andrade is a doctoral student, G. W. Greene is a professor, and K. J. Melanson is an associate professor, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI.
Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
December 4,
2007
Identification
Copyright
© 2008 American Dietetic Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
