Abstract
Objective
Little research has been conducted on health effects associated with consumption of
flavored milk. The purposes of this study were to compare nutrient intakes and body
measures among children and adolescents drinking flavored milk (with or without plain
milk), exclusively plain milk, and no milk.
Design
Data used in the study included intakes reported in 24-hour dietary recalls and height
and weight measurements collected during a physical examination in the 1999-2002 National
Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. The milk drinking status of each person
was identified, and nutrient intakes and body mass index (BMI) measures were determined
by milk drinking status.
Subjects
The study population included 7,557 children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years.
Statistical analysis
Comparisons among mean milk intakes, energy and nutrient intakes, and BMI measures
by milk drinking status were completed using linear regression analysis.
Results
Children and adolescents who included flavored milk in their diets reported higher
total milk intakes than consumers of exclusively plain milk (P<0.05). Intakes of vitamin A, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, and saturated
fat (adjusted for energy intake and age) were generally comparable among milk drinking
groups, whereas intakes by milk nondrinkers were significantly lower (P<0.05). Among females aged 12 to 18 years, calcium intakes by flavored and exclusively
plain milk drinkers were 992±41.5 and 1,038±22.5 mg/day, respectively, whereas intake
by nondrinkers was 576±11.7 mg/day. Intake of added sugars did not differ between
flavored milk drinkers and milk nondrinkers. BMI measures of milk drinkers were comparable
to or lower than measures of nondrinkers (P<0.05).
Conclusions
Findings from this study suggest that consumption of either flavored or plain milk
is associated with a positive influence on nutrient intakes by children and adolescents
and is not associated with adverse effects on BMI measures.
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Biography
M. M. Murphy and J. S. Douglass are nutrition science managers, ENVIRON International Corp, Arlington, VA.
Biography
R. K. Johnson is dean and a professor of nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
Biography
L. A. Spence is vice president of nutrition research, National Dairy Council, Rosemont, IL.
Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
September 7,
2007
Identification
Copyright
© 2008 American Dietetic Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
