Abstract
Objective
Identify if constructs from the Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and Stress Model,
including Emotion and Stress Related Eating, Appraisal of Ability and Resources to
Cope, and Appraisal of Outside Influences and Stressors, were related to overweight
and obesity.
Design
Data were collected from a cross-sectional study using the Eating and Appraisal Due
to Emotions and Stress Questionnaire.
Subjects/Setting
Convenience sample from a southeastern public university, including staff and faculty
(n=822) with ages ranging from 18 to 83 years and 55.8% of the sample being overweight
or obese.
Statistical analysis performed
Total sum scores were given to each construct and converted to quartiles. Lower quartiles
represented higher stress- or emotion-related eating and more compromised appraisal
skills or resources to cope. χ2 Analyses were used to identify variables associated with overweight and obesity.
Forward stepwise logistic regression (n=783) was used to identify the independent
association of each significant variable with overweight and obesity.
Results
A model including race, sex, life stage, and job category as covariates, with a cumulative
R2 of 0.075 was produced. Emotion- and Stress-Related Eating remained in the model during
stepwise regression producing a cumulative R2=0.265. Individuals scoring in the lowest quartiles for Emotion- and Stress-Related
Eating were 13.38 times more likely to be overweight or obese, compared with individuals
scoring in the highest quartiles.
Conclusions
The Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and Stress Model construct of Emotion- and
Stress-Related Eating as measured by the Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and
Stress Questionnaire can be used to assess nontraditional factors that contribute
to overweight and obesity.
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and DieteticsAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2000.JAMA. 2002; 288: 1723-1727
- Weight maintenance: What’s missing?.J Am Diet Assoc. 2005; 105: S62-S66
- Position of the American Dietetic Association: Weight management.J Am Diet Assoc. 2002; 102: 1145-1146
- Ways of coping with obesity stigma: review and conceptual analysis.Eat Behav. 2003; 4: 53-78
- Long-term maintenance of weight loss: Current status.Health Psychol. 2000; 19: S5-S16
- The dieting maelstrom: Is it possible and advisable to lose weight?.Am Psychol. 1994; 49: 781-791
- Behavioral interventions for obesity.J Am Diet Assoc. 2005; 105: S35-S43
- Weight, health and culture: Shifting the paradigm for alternative health care.Alt Health Pract. 1999; 5: 45-68
- A commentary on the new obesity guidelines from NIH.J Am Diet Assoc. 1999; 99: 918-919
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute North American Association for the Study of Obesity. 2000 (NIH Publication Number 00-4084)
- Overeating, reversal theory and weight cycling.West J Nurs Res. 1998; 20: 67-83
- Eating as both coping and stressor in overweight control.J Adv Nurs. 2001; 36: 563-573
- The relationship between basic need satisfaction and emotional eating.Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2001; 22: 691-701
- Emotional eating in overweight, normal weight and underweight individuals.Eat Behav. 2003; 3: 341-347
- Development and validation: The EADES (Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and Stress) Questionnaire.J Am Diet Assoc. 2007; 107: 619-628
The University of Alabama. The University of Alabama Factbook. Available at: http://bama.ua.edu/∼oir/factbook/2004-2005/DIR_20042005factbooktblcnt.shtml. Accessed June 19, 2005.
- Negative affect and binge eating in overweight women.Br J Health Psychol. 2002; 7: 77-87
- Stress and Emotion: A New Synthesis.Springer, New York, NY1999
- Identifying predictive variables for long-term weight change after participation in a weight loss program.J Am Diet Assoc. 1993; 93: 1017-1024
- Does emotional eating interfere with success in attempts at weight control?.J Clin Psychol. 1990; 15: 151-157
- The role of daily hassles in binge eating.Int J Eat Disord. 2001; 29: 449-454
- The effects of caloric deprivation and negative affect on binge-eating in obese being-eating disordered women.Behav Ther. 1998; 2: 491-503
- Etiology and treatment of obesity: Understanding a serious, prevalent and refractory disorder.J Clin Psychol. 1992; 60: 505-517
- Bulimic’s responses to food cravings: Is binge-eating a product of hunger or emotional state?.Behav Res Ther. 2001; 39: 877-886
- Assessment of emotional, externally induced and restrained eating behavior in nine to twelve-year-old obese and non-obese children.Behav Res Ther. 1997; 35: 863-873
Alabama Department of Public Health Center for Health Statistics. Obesity fact sheet. Available at: http://adph.org/administration/obesityfactsheet.pdf. Accessed July 10, 2005.
Centers for Disease Control. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey prevalence data 2004. Available at: http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/brfss/sex.asp?cat=DE&yr=2004&qkey=4409&state=US. Accessed July 31, 2005.
- The Solution Method: 2-year trends in weight, exercise, blood pressure, depression, and functioning of adults trained in developmental skills.J Am Diet Assoc. 1997; 97: 1133-1138
- The role of the behavioral counselor in obesity treatment.J Am Diet Assoc. 1998; 98: S27-S30
Biography
A. D. Ozier is an assistant professor, School of Family, Consumer, and Nutrition Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb; at the time of the study, she was a doctoral student in the program of Health Education and Health Promotion at The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa.
Biography
O. W. Kendrick is an associate dean and associate professor and L. L. Knol is assistant professor, Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management; J. D. Leeper is professor and rural programs director of Education and Evaluation, Community and Rural Medicine; M. Perko is associate professor and chair, Department of Health Sciences, and J. Burnham is assistant professor, Counselor Education, all at the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa.
Article info
Identification
Copyright
© 2008 American Dietetic Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
