Abstract
The impact of a low-carbohydrate/high-protein diet compared with a high-carbohydrate/low-fat
diet on ratings of hunger and cognitive eating restraint were examined. Overweight
premenopausal women consumed a low-carbohydrate/high-protein (n=13) or high-carbohydrate/low-fat
diet (n=15) for 6 weeks. Fasting body weight (BW) was measured and the Eating Inventory
was completed at baseline, weeks 1 to 4, and week 6. All women experienced a reduction
in BW (P<.01), although relative BW loss was greater in the low-carbohydrate/high-protein
vs high-carbohydrate/low-fat group at week 6 (P<.05). Based on Eating Inventory scores, self-rated hunger decreased (P<.03) in women in the low-carbohydrate/high-protein but not in the high-carbohydrate/low-fat
group from baseline to week 6. In both groups, self-rated cognitive eating restraint
increased (P<.01) from baseline to week 1 and remained constant to week 6. Both diet groups reported
increased cognitive eating restraint, facilitating short-term weight loss; however,
the decrease in hunger perception in the low-carbohydrate/high-protein group may have
contributed to a greater percentage of BW loss.
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and DieteticsAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- A randomized trial comparing a very low carbohydrate diet and a calorie-restricted low fat diet on body weight and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy women.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003; 88: 1617-1623
- A randomized trial of a low-carbohydrate diet for obesity.N Engl J Med. 2003; 348: 2082-2090
- A low-carbohydrate as compared with a low-fat diet in severe obesity.N Engl J Med. 2003; 348: 2074-2081
- Atkins New Diet Revolution. 3rd ed. Avon Books, New York, NY2002
- Effect of exercise and dietary restraint on energy intake of reduced-obese women.Appetite. 1996; 26: 55-70
- High protein intake sustains weight maintenance after body weight loss in humans.Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004; 28: 57-64
- High-protein, low-fat diets are effective for weight loss and favorably alter biomarkers in healthy adults.J Nutr. 2004; 134: 586-591
- Feeding behaviors and weight loss outcomes over 64 months.Eat Behav. 2002; 3: 191-204
- A Biometric Study of Basal Metabolism in Man. Publication 279. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC1919
- Guidance for Treatment of Adult Obesity. Shape Up America! and American Obesity Association, Bethesda, MD2001
- National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP).J Am Med Assoc. 2001; 285: 2486-2497
- Eating Inventory Manual. The Psychological Corporation, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, San Antonio, TX1988
- Composition of weight lost during short-term weight reduction. Metabolic responses of obese subjects to starvation and low-calorie ketogenic and nonketogenic diets.J Clin Invest. 1976; 58: 722-730
- Loss of weight, sodium and water in obese persons consuming a high- or low-carbohydrate diet.Ann Nutr Metab. 1981; 25: 341-349
- Factors influencing body composition during very-low-calorie diets.Am J Clin Nutr. 1992; 56: S217-S223
- Cognitive eating restraint scores are associated with body fatness but not with other measures of dieting in women.Appetite. 2004; 43: 47-53
- What a difference a diet makes.Eat Behav. 2004; 5: 199-208
- Predictors of weight maintenance.Obes Res. 1999; 7: 43-50
- The relationship between restraint and weight and weight-related behaviors among individuals in a community weight gain prevention trial.Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001; 25: 574-580
- What predicts weight regain in a group of successful weight losers?.J Consult Clin Psychol. 1999; 67: 177-185
- Weight loss maintenance.Eat Weight Disord. 1998; 3: 131-135
- Eating behaviors and indexes of body composition in men and women from the Quebec family study.Obes Res. 2003; 11: 783-792
- Clarifying concepts about macronutrients’ effects on satiation and satiety.J Am Diet Assoc. 2004; 104: 1151-1153
- Differential effect of protein and fat on plasma ghrelin levels in man.Regul Pept. 2003; 116: 101-107
- What processes are involved in the appetite response to moderate increases in exercise-induced energy expenditure?.Proc Nutr Soc. 1999; 58: 107-113
- Biobehavioral influences on energy intake and adult weight gain.J Nutr. 2002; 132: S3830-S3834
- Cross talk between physical activity and appetite control.Proc Nutr Soc. 2003; 62: 651-661
Biography
S. M. Nickols-Richardson is an associate professor; Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg.
Biography
M. D. Coleman is a program manager, MILES program; Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg.
Biography
J. J. Volpe is a graduate research assistant; Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg.
Biography
K. W. Hosig is an associate professor; Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg.
Article info
Identification
Copyright
© 2005 American Dietetic Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
