Abstract
It is the position of the American Dietetic Association that children ages 2 to 11
years should achieve optimal physical and cognitive development, attain a healthy
weight, enjoy food, and reduce the risk of chronic disease through appropriate eating
habits and participation in regular physical activity. The health status of American
children has generally improved over the past three decades. However, the number of
children who are overweight has more than doubled among 2- to 5-year-old children
and more than tripled among 6- to 11-year-old children, which has major health consequences.
This increase in childhood overweight has broadened the focus of dietary guidance
to address children’s over consumption of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods and beverages
and physical activity patterns. Health promotion will help reduce diet-related risks
of chronic degenerative diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes,
cancer, obesity, and osteoporosis. This position paper reviews what US children are
eating and explores trends in food and nutrient intakes as well as the impact of school
meals on children’s diets. Dietary recommendations and guidelines and the benefits
of physical activity are also discussed. The roles of parents and caregivers in influencing
the development of healthy eating behaviors are highlighted. The American Dietetic
Association works with other allied health and food industry professionals to translate
dietary recommendations and guidelines into achievable, healthful messages. Specific
recommendations to improve the nutritional well-being of children are provided for
dietetics professionals, parents, and caregivers.
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© 2004 American Dietetic Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
